Md. Jannatul Naeem Jibon

Atmospheric concentrations of three key greenhouse gases i.e., CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O reached new records in 2024 and continue to rise in 2025.

Climate change is no longer a distant concern. It is unfolding all around us. Today, more than 3.6 billion people live in conditions of high vulnerability to its impacts, including droughts, floods, storms, heat stress, and growing food insecurity. As global temperatures continue to rise, these risks will only intensify. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions remains our most urgent priority, but that alone will not be enough. Some impacts are already inevitable. We must therefore focus equally.

Climate change is shifting rainfall patterns worldwide. Nearly 500 million people now live in wetter climates than what was typical in the 20th century—mainly in mid to high latitudes. Meanwhile, over 160 million people, mostly in tropical and subtropical areas, face unusually dry conditions. Beyond just changes in average rainfall, shifts in rainfall timing and river flows are also becoming more noticeable. These changes are beginning to bring serious social impacts and growing risks in both ov